Walmart Analysis

Company Information Sam Walton opened their first Walter store since July 2, 1962. â€Å"People think we got big by putting big stores In small towns. Really, we got big by replacing Inventory with information. † They opened their first store In Rogers, Arkansas. By 1967 they owned 24 stores and bringing In $12. 7 million In sales. By 1970 Walter went national. They also became a publicly trading company. In sass's the first Cam's Club opened and the first Walter Superstructure opened as well. It combines a supermarket and general merchandise all in one place.In sass's, Walter was named America's Top Retailer. They also opened their first Cam's Club in Mexico City in 1991. Sam Walton passed away in 1992 at age 74. By that time, Walter employed 371,000 associates In 1,928 stores and clubs. In 1993, they hit their first $1 million mark in sales. Between 1994 and 1998, Walter opened stores in China, United Kingdom, and bought Wolcott 122 stores in Canada. (www. Walter. Com) By 20 14, Walter employs 2. 2 associates at more than 1 1 ,OHO stores worldwide. At this time it serves over 200 million customers.Walter's earnings per share Increased 10. 6 % to $5. 02. They had an Dalton of $22 billion In net sales, and they are now a $466 billion company. They SOOT Strengths Wide range of products International operations Cost leadership strategy Weaknesses Labor related lawsuits High employee turnover Negative publicity Opportunities Trends towards healthy eating Retail market growth Online shopping growth Threats Resistance from communities Rising prices Gap Analysis Walter has had to face several labor related lawsuits every year. They cost the company millions of dollars.The company is criticized for poor work conditions, low ages, unpaid overtime work and female discrimination. It also suffers from high employee turnover. It Increases the company's cost because they have to do a lot of training of new employees. I think the reason for the high turnover is because they have low skilled and poorly paid Jobs. These two gaps are best filled by training needs. I think management needs a better training assessment for their employees. Walter does have a lot of stores order to keep employees, I think they need a better training program.

Cinema History: the Seventh Seal

Ingmar Bergman’s film, Seventh Seal, reflects his views on life in an allegorical fashion. Bergman utilizes the setting of a medieval, plague-ridden landscape to metaphorically investigate the existence of god and meaning of life. The film follows the knight, Antonius, as he returns from the Crusades with his squire, Jons. Bergman uses black and white to enhance the mood. The film’s vivid imagery and powerful score challenge the viewer to interpret the film’s messages and assign them meaning. The film investigates the deepest philosophical questions of humanity. Compared with Akira Kurosawa’s film, Ikiru, the Seventh Seal expresses a darker outlook on the world. Bergman’s cinematic masterpiece remains a relevant work of art in a world that struggles to address the deepest questions of religion and the phenomena of simply being alive. Seventh Seal begins with a shot of the heavens as a powerful orchestrated piece of music plays. A passage from the Book of Revelation is recited, â€Å"And when the Lamb had opened the seventh seal, there was silence in heaven about the space of half an hour,† (Revelation 8:1). Antonius and Jons lie on a beach of pebbles. The land is framed proportional to the sky, juxtaposing the kingdoms of heaven and earth. A chess set sits to the right of Antonius. The camera pans away from him, zooming in on the chess pieces. It symbolically equates Antonius as a piece of the game. A man cloaked in black approaches, revealing himself to be death. He states that he has come for them. Antonius challenges him to a chess match. Death agrees that if Antonius is able to defeat death he shall go free. The game is continued throughout the film. As Antonius and Jons move along their journey, death continuosly lurks as an ominous force. The film constantly makes references to death and uncertainty through the presents of the plague. The sky in the background is often cloudy as though God is absent from the heavens and oblivious to the suffering on earth. In one scene, Jons seeks directions from a man who appears to be sleeping; the man is dead and rotting. Not only is the man unable to provide direction, but there is also no divine direction. The plague represents the absence of God and humanity’s uncertainty when faced with unexplainable destruction. In a scene later in the film, death impersonates a confessional priest. He listens as Antonius speaks about the mystery of god, stating, â€Å"Is it so cruelly inconceivable to grasp God with the senses? Why should he hide himself in a mist of half-spoken promises and unseen miracles? What is going to happen to those of us who want to believe but aren't able to? † Death, who embodies the complete absence of life, remains silent. Bergman depicts mans suffering, metaphorically addressing the inabilities of humanity to comprehend the purpose of both the human self and the divine. The plague challenges faith, as an incomprehensible punishment inflicted for unexplainable reasons. It leaves the populous to deal with the absence of divine direction. This is demonstrated very powerfully throughout the film. Jof and his fellow actors dance and sing on a small village stage. The actors represent innocence and good nature. Abruptly, religious music interrupts the actor’s production. A procession of priests, baring crosses and incense, marches though the village. They sing in unison as shirtless men accompanying them whip themselves and each other. The entire village drops to its knees as the horrifying parade of suffering passes. This demonstrates the absence of God. The religious, unable to comprehend the suffering that is the plague, torture themselves in an attempt to appease God. This phenomenon is continued when Antonius witnesses a young girl tied to a post. She is deprived of water and whimpering in pain. The authorities believe her to be bewitched by the devil and the cause of the plague. The girl is to be burned alive. This event communicates the true horror of humans left to suffering and doubt. The actor Jof and his wife Mia represent natural beauty and good nature. The scenes with them bring a warmth and happiness to the, dark suffering depicted. The lighting is often softer and brighter around Jof and Mia, contrasting them with the bleak atmosphere of the film. Antonius befriends the actors, and they all share a picnic of milk and wild strawberries. The simplicity of this meal is symbolic. It represents the beauty that exists in simplicity itself. Antonius reminisces about his life before the Crusades and his love for the wife he left behind. He expresses his ongoing burden of faith stating, â€Å"Faith is a torment did you know that? It is like loving someone who is out there in the darkness but never appears, no matter how loudly you call. † This statement embodies the questions presented by Bergman throughout Seventh Seal. The Seventh Seal concludes with Antonius knocking over the chess pieces in order to distract death from Jof and Mia. Death claims Antonius and his companions as Jof has a vision of them in the distance doing the dance of death. The viewer is eft with powerful messages concerning the existence of God and meaning of life. Comparing the film with Akira Kurosawa’s Ikiru, it is apparent that both share similar ending themes. The protagonist in each film pursues a selfless action. In Ikiru, Watanabe, the protagonist, abandons the bureaucracy he has been a part of for so long in order to fight to create a local park. The Seventh Seal depicts the game of chess between Antonius and death. Antoni us knocks over the pieces, allowing his friends to escape. Both films protagonists fight for things bigger than themselves. Bergman and Kurosawa explore similar themes, but the Seventh Seal maintains a darker outlook on the world. Bibliography â€Å"Analysis of the Church Scene in Bergman. † Southern Illinois University Edwardsville. Web. 3 Mar. 2010. . Cook, David A. A History of Narrative Film. New York: W. W. Norton, 2004. Print. â€Å"Det Sjunde Inseglet (1957). † The Internet Movie Database (IMDb). Web. 3 Mar. 2010. . Holy Bible: English Standard Version. Wheaton, Ill. : Crossway Bibles, 2001. Print. â€Å"Norman N. Holland, Meeting a Movie: The Seventh Seal. † College of Liberal Arts and Sciences | The University of Florida. Web. 28 Feb. 2010. .

Jing-Mei Character Analysis

Amy Tan’s short story â€Å"Two Kinds† illustrates a young girls struggle with her highly opinionated mother and finding her own way. Jing-Mei’s mother continually enforces Jing-Met to carry out tasks the way she wants her to, her way. Therefore Jing-Mei is unable to grow as her own person and carry out the choices she wants to. Throughout Jing-Mei’s journey she begins to develop negative thoughts of herself and displays the attributes of insecurity, stubbornness and cruelty.Jing-Mei’s stubbornness encourages her to believe her mother is being unfair and cruel, â€Å"when [her] mother had told [her] this, [she] felt as though [she’s] been sent to hell. † When in reality, all her mother is doing is guiding her so she won’t have to go through the hardships she herself had gone through (Page 5). Jing-Mei has no desire to cooperate with her mother. She fights with her every way she can, determined to extinguish her mother’s d reams of her becoming successful, Jing-Mei neglects her studies as well as the piano.Jing-Mei believes her mother is trying to change her, Jing-Mei states â€Å"I won’t let her change me†¦ I won’t be what I’m not†¦Ã¢â‚¬  despite her mother’s real intentions of her becoming successful (Page 3). Jing-Mei feels she must reject her mother in order to find herself â€Å"right then and there, [she] was determined to put a stop to her foolish pride. † however, in doing so, she is rejecting her heritage and identity (Page 7).Suyuan Woo’s constant criticism hands Jing-Mei the idea of lack of affection, which results in Jing-Mei’s insecurity. Suyuan’s values of family obedience, concealment of unnecessary emotions, and criticism as expressions of love contrast with Jing-Mei’s American ideas of independence, self-esteem and open expressions of love guide Jing-Mei’s belief of never fulfilling her mother’s e xpectations. Therefore, Jing-Mei constantly puts herself down â€Å"[she] looked in the mirror†¦ [she] began to cry, such a sad ugly girl! due to misunderstanding her mother’s intentions (Page 3). Her mother’s high expectations and criticism are her way of expressing love and faith in her daughter. Jing-Mei misunderstands her mother’s actions which lead her to the conclusion that she will â€Å"never be the kind of daughter [her mother] wants her to be† and leads her to the question of â€Å"why don’t you like me the way I am? I am not a genius! † (Page 10,5).

Final Exam E-commrece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final Exam E-commrece - Essay Example This undertaking was also meant to help organizations to handle their business operation through business-to-business sites and all other companies globally (Laudon and Traver, 39). Generally, e-commerce can also be referred to as refashioning the method in which goods and services are bought. The individuals who created this type of commerce meant it to make people do away with the traditional way of making money and start using the technological way. In the recent years it has been noted that the number of people who transact business online increase as days go by. This gives a clear impression that the vision of those who started this plan came to pass. There are many individuals these days that use the internet to transact business especially large companies that have many branches in different geographical regions. There are many individuals in the current society who carry out their businesses online because with the increasing use of technology the number of businesses that ca n be undertaken by an individual is high. For such people to manage all the businesses effectively, they choose to undertake them online so that they can monitor all the activities at the right time making certain that every operation is done as expected (Laudon and Traver, 67). With the large companies a managing director is not able to make himself available in every organizational branch which means that the monitoring of activities in all branches is done using the web. In the contemporary society people are able to sell products to those that are far away using the web and this satisfies the thought that the traditional ways of transacting businesses are no longer practiced today. What are the key challenges facing the online newspaper industry? According to Laudon, there are many challenges faced by the online newspaper industry. Among these challenges is the high price of newsprint. The amount of money needed for a newspaper industry to be able to publish all the happenings i s high. This means that the money received through sales by organization doing it online is less compared to the amount used to print the details. It gives a clear impression that companies transacting newspaper business online are not able to make profits s expected. The other challenge is competition. In the contemporary society, individual who sell newspapers are increasing in number giving a clear impression that those who purchase their newspapers online are very few. Many individuals prefer buying them instead of purchasing them online. Incoherent advertising sales are another problem faced by the online newspaper industry (Laudon and Traver, 110). This means that most of the time there is confusion and the wrong newspapers can be advertised or wrong information placed in the wrong newspaper. With such confusion, the clients that have their newspapers online reduces making the industry have less returns due to less amount gathered from online sales. In the recent years, the nu mber of newspapers scheduled for closure has increased. This means that the online companies that major on certain newspapers are as well likely to close down. It becomes an advantage to those companies that major on several newspapers so that if some are closed down then they are able to sell the others. For those that concentrate on one line

Book Review on the Gospel according to Mattew Essay

Book Review on the Gospel according to Mattew - Essay Example Just like Paul who had a Hebrew name Shaoul, Matthew had Levi as his original name. Matthew, son of Alpheus (Mark 2:14) came from Galilee. However, he is thought to have lived in Antioch, Syria. He collected taxes for Herod Antipas, a Jewish leader, ruler of Galilee and Peraea between 4 BCE and 39 CE.1 Just after following Jesus, Matthew held a feast in his house where tax collectors and sinners recline at the table with the Christ and his disciples. This is where Jesus drew protest from the Pharisees. The author, however, had a great influence on the development of Christianity. It based most of his writing on Mark’s gospel.2 The Gospel of Matthew is the first book in the 27 books of the New Testament. In the New Testament, the following books are Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, The Acts, Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John , 3 John, Jude, Revelation. Aside from one of the first twelve disciples of Jesus (Matthew 9:1; 10:1-4) and an eye-witness, Matthew records more of Jesus teaching concerning Gods heavenly kingdom than the other writers, for example the entire Sermon on the Mount. Matthew, compared to the first few men (Peter, Andrew, James, and John) whom Jesus chose (who were fishermen), was skilled that he handled accounts of figures being a tax collector and obviously equipped with the pen. More so, he chose to leave his ludicrous post to be with Jesus and become an evangelist. It is to be recalled when a certain man holding many riches wants to be one of Christ’s disciples. Jesus told this man â€Å"If you want to be perfect, go sell your belongings and give to the poor and you will have treasure in heaven, and come be my follower.† However, the man refused to let go of his belongings and went away grieved. (Matthew: 19:21-22). Quoted on Papias, one

Controls Tmobile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Controls Tmobile - Essay Example T-Mobile, however, is part of a very dynamic technology market where both of these strategies are important in staying competitive as other companies constantly evolve their tactics. According to Miller, et al. â€Å"Organizational environments differ in their degree of instability or turbulence, thereby creating very different contexts for adaptation† (Miller et al., 1998). In short, this means that a company in stable economic times with few competitors or other outside pressures will adapt by making small modifications to its approach to strategic planning, but when faced with major outside forces it will certainly make quick assessments and implementation of change in order to compete. Because dynamic business markets means constant change and high competition, T-Mobile is much more likely than companies in other industries to use strategic plans that involve quick reaction to change on the operational level. While this often works to the benefit of the company there are drawbacks. Organizations in stable environments are more likely to employ strategic objectives that maintain the status quo and may keep the business headed in a positive direction for longer periods of time with little fluctuation. In the United States, T-Mobile and many of the major players in the telecommunications industry have responded to government deregulation by becoming more dynamic, perhaps at the price of long-term stability in the market. In order to excel, T-Mobile uses the strategy of employing dynamic change to deliver new products and services in dynamic, constantly evolving ways. At T-Mobile, the operational levels closely match the goals of the company’s dynamic plan, demonstrating its strength. The company employs the ‘better-faster-cheaper’ mantra, and quickly changes pace to meet evolving customer expectations with innovative new products and services, evidencing the quick response of the company to outside pressures. For instance, in advertising the new

Which Markets AIBO Can Look for as Alternatives to US and Japan Essay

Which Markets AIBO Can Look for as Alternatives to US and Japan Markets - Essay Example Consolidating information from all the above sources, following are the features of AIBO which can be built in addition to the present features – 1. AIBO Facial Recognition – it would be very useful if AIBO is able to recognize its owner’s face. As of the date of the case, AIBO did not have facial recognition features. Users would find it more delightful if AIBO would recognize its owners face and express delight just as the actual dogs or puppies do. 2. AIBO Voice Recognition – similar to face recognition, AIBO owners would also find it very delightful if their robopet would recognize their voice and respond accordingly. This would really delight the users. 3. AIBO Self Battery Recharge – there have been questions raised by AIBO owners (AIBO FAQs www.aibosite.com) if AIBO can detect by itself if its battery needs recharge and would go and plug itself in order to recharge itself. This would remove the last bit of dependency of AIBO on its owner. Possibly this can be done by having the battery recharge through its legs which could connect to a docking station and connect itself for recharge. 4. AIBO Newspaper Collection – AIBO can try to make its habits as close to the actual pet dogs as possible. Many US dog owners have a habit of their pets fetching the morning newspapers. As an added â€Å"utility† expected by US consumers, this can be a very relevant functionality. There can be specially designed AIBO newspaper port where the newspapers would be dropped by the newspaper vendor. This can trigger an automatic detection by AIBO who can go to the port and fetch the newspaper for its owner. 5. AIBO Object Transportation – similar to AIBO newspaper collection, an additional utility can be added for AIBO where AIBO can pick small objects and drop it at the place in the house as suggested by the owner. 6. AIBO Intrusion Detection – as an actual dog many times serves as a watch dog at night and alerts the owners by barking, AIBO should be programmed as an intrusion detection system and if there is a housebreak, then it can detect movement and sound off a siren as well as give the burglar an electric shock or so, thereby preventing theft.

Random sampling in hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Random sampling in hypothesis - Essay Example Therefore, it is important to use the random sample to enable the ease of making the comparison in the null hypothesis of a population. Random sampling receives support from probability mathematics whose facts have been proved beyond doubt. Convenience sample does not use probability in arriving at the final sample. It is not suitable for assessing a population. Due to its ‘non-probability’ nature, convenience sampling is not suitable for studying the relationship between a population and sample. Random sampling gives a true representation of the population because it is not biased to any side. The use of Convenience samples makes researchers choose samples that they prefer but not a true representation of a population (Duttalo, 123). It gives a conclusion that is not true about the population. In statistics, bias should not be given to any part of a population. A true hypothesis should not have the bias. For example, in a data that contains a population of one hundred, it is wrong to select the first ten elements to represent the population. The best representative of the population should involve random sampling. Random sampling requires that one chooses any ten elements from the population without taking any consideration to the position.

Sixth Amendment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sixth Amendment - Essay Example al differences and that each system has its own strengths that make them superior to each other; in particular, American proceedings are superior to the Chinese system, because it allows the masses to hear and to decide cases and it is less open to corruption, although the Chinese proceedings do have the advantage of expertise analysis. Cultural differences impact how the criminal justice system is perceived and executed. Western courts, like the American courts, believe that justice is for the victim; the individual has rights that the state must defend and protect (Deflem & Swygart, 2001). As a result, the American proceedings use jury trials to ensure that a group of individuals protect their fellow individual’s civil rights. The Chinese criminal system, on the contrary, is a communist system and it believes that the criminal justice system should serve the interests of the state (Deflem & Swygart, 2001). It has no jury trials, unlike the American system, and it uses a panel of judges (Dammer & Albanese, 2011, p.131). The Chinese system also emphasizes the confession of the defendant than the testimony of the witnesses (Dammer & Albanese, 2011, p.131). This essay believes that there is no superior court system, since people have cultural differences that would make them prefer one system to another; however, the American and Chinese court procedures have advantages that make them superior to each other. American proceedings are superior to the Chinese system, because it allows the masses to hear and to decide on cases. Unlike the Chinese court system, only judges hear the cases and if they come from the upper or middle class, they may be biased toward their own social classes. The American system is also less vulnerable to corruption. The Chinese government appoints the judges for its criminal justice courts and it can easily select judges who are partial to their interests. Still, the Chinese proceedings do have the advantage of expertise analysis. The

#7 Doppler Radar WSR88 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

#7 Doppler Radar WSR88 - Essay Example The Doppler Radar WSR88, or more popularly known as the WSR-88D, is named as such because it stands for Weather Surveillance Radar – 1988 Doppler, and was built in 1988 (Fitzpatrick 2006). The NWS has been using radar to detect precipitation since the 1940’s. However, the WSR-88D network was first installed in 1993, replacing the WSR-57 radar network. The old radar system built in 1957 required very hard to find spare parts that were mainly available in the former Soviet Union and thus required the necessary upgrade (Goldstein 2002). Furthermore, the displays of the original data system were often confusing and were not very effective in detecting severe weather. Compared to its predecessor, the WSR-88D systems have provided a significant increase of weather data off the coasts in storms. It was built with newly developed surface-based remote sensors that have the spatial resolution needed for coastal zone studies (National Research Council (US) Panel on Coastal Meteorology 1992). Furthermore, the WSR-88D network can detect not only precipitation, but also rainfall rate, accumulated rainfall, and the location of the rainfall. The National Weather Service and the Department of Defense have deployed and operates around 160 WSR-88D Doppler radar in the country, including in the US Territory of Guam and in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (National Research Council (US) Panel on Coastal Meteorology 1992). The system uses the Doppler effect to indicate whether raindrops were moving towards the radar or away from it. The Doppler radar’s ability to detect movements has thus provided significant improvements to the meteorologist’s ability to look inside thunderstorms and find out if rotation in the cloud exists (Ahrens 2008). It is vital to pinpoint this rotation because it usually precedes a tornado. The Doppler Radar WSR-88 is a very important device in getting necessary information about the earth’s present and future weather conditions. It has evolved from

Challenge in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Challenge in the Workplace - Essay Example He was quite angry because he had been making calls to our company and had suffered the run around by the people who were assigned to help him. When I received his call and learned of his plight, I looked up his inquiry and discovered that his check was ready but not yet sent out for some reason. I informed him of this problem and assured him that I would call him at the end of the day with an update regarding his claim. Normally, a check release request does not require a personal call follow up with the client. But I decided to make an exception in this case due to extenuating circumstances. After I had contacted the right departments in order to get the check cleared for release, I made sure to get the check into the mailing queue by the end of the day. I then called the client back and informed him that his check was honestly in the mail and gave him the routing number for future reference. The client was pleased with my work and thanked me profusely for helping him out. Needless to say, he was one happy client but I had to suffer the penalty of having to explain my actions to my supervisor. Although I had to accept a written warning attached to my employee file because of my actions, I strongly believe that I did the right thing. In fact, I would not change a single action I took that day if I had to do it all again. After all, company policies are in place to protect the company but do not exist to prevent clients from getting their just dues from the company. If a little manipulation of company policy will not affect the overall company function, then going that extra mile for the client should only serve to give the person a better partnership experience with the company.  

Essay on Weimar Germany Essay Example for Free

Essay on Weimar Germany Essay Weimar: Destined for Failure by a Weak Constitution and Poor Popular Support? A thread that runs throughout many analyses of the legacy of theWeimar Republic contains the idea that the fledgling German democracy was somehow doomed from the start. With a constitution that contained items such as Article 48 – a constitutional provision that permitted the Weimar President to rule by decree without the consent of the Reichstag – and a clause that allowed the Reichskanzler to assume office in the event of the death of the President, there were certainly structural inadequacies that, in hindsight, may not have been the wisest choices by the framers of the Weimar Constitution. Craig took aim at the consttutional inclusion of proportional representation (Verhaltniswahlrecht) in elections to the Reichstag, arguing that the resultant plethora of German political parties â€Å"made for an inherent instability that manifested itself in what appeared to the bemused spectator to be a continuous game of musical chairs† in the near-constant shuffling of Weimar coalitions and ministries. Eyck described the enormous number of political parties under proportional representation as â€Å"these many cooks [who] brought forth a broth which was neither consistent nor clear. † Mommsen, however, disagreed that proportional representation was a root cause of Weimar political instability, calling Verhaltniswahlrecht â€Å"at most a symptom† of the problems, and adding that the â€Å"reluctance to assume political responsibility† by Weimar political parties was the source of instability. Left: Weimar President Friedrich Ebert Other historians have pointed to the seeming lack of enthusiasm many Germans felt for the new government as contributing to a â€Å"doomed† Weimar. Erdmann argued that Germans faced a difficult dilemma in 1918-1919, faced with the choices of â€Å"social revolution in alliance with the forces pressing for a proletarian dictatorship,† or â€Å"a parliamentary republic in alliance with conservative elements such as the old officer corps. McKenzie, while acknowledging that the new Republic did not have broad support, nonetheless maintained that the motivations of most Germans remained simply â€Å"the restoration of law and order and return to peacetime conditions. † Fritzsche, arguing against the idea that Germans were anti-democratic, argued that â€Å"the hostile defamations of the president of the republic were as indicative of democratization as the presidency of the good-willed Fritz Ebert himself. Brecht disputed the notion that Germans, as a people, have somehow always been totalitarian, and cautioned against such the creation of such simplistic stereotypes to exlain the failure of Weimar democracy: †¦nothing can be more devious than the opinion that the Germans have always been totalitaran and that the democratic regime served only as a camouflage to conceal this fundamental fact. The overwhelming majority of the people at the end of the imperial period and during the democratic regime were distinctly anti-totalitarian and anti-fascist in both their ideas and principles. The rise of a culture of political violence in Weimar Germany should certainly be considered as a contributory factor in the Republic’s political instability. Beginning with the emergence of the Freikorps units immediately after the declaration of the Republic, this tendency toward violence became entrenched in Weimar politics after the 1919 assassinations of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg. Evans argued that â€Å"gun battles, assassinations, riots, massacres, and civil unrest† prevented Germans from possessing the â€Å"stability in which a new democratic order could flourish. Moreover, noted Evans, all major political parties employed groups of armed loyalists whose purposes were to protect their political compatriots and to contribute to the waging of low-grade civil war: Before long, political parties associated themselves with armed and uniformed squads, paramilitary troops whose task it was to provide guards at meetings, impress the public by marching in military parades, and to intimidate, beat up, and on occasion kill members of the paramilitary units associated with other political parties. Thus, the rise of militant extremists such as the NSDAP should viewed within the context of the Weimar history of political paramilitary forces as a â€Å"normal† phenomenon. Groups such as the Stahlhelm, the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold, and the Rotfrontkampferbund had memberships much higher than did the Ordnertruppen in the early to mid-1920s, and the rise of the Sturmabteilung as the muscle behind the NSDAP reflects the recognition by the Nazis of the unwritten rules of politics in Weimar Germany. Weimar Culture and Challenges to Tradition The personal freedoms often associated with Weimar culture – whether seen as an inevitable, pendulum-like reaction after decades of Wilhelmine authoritarianism, or as a flowering of postwar expression – led to a period of unparalleled vibrancy in literature, the arts, architecture, and philosophy. Kolb described the period as â€Å"the eruption of a new vitality, the liberation of creative forces in a short decade of unbounded intellectual and artistic freedom. Moreover, the Weimar period witnessed significant leaps forward in the emancipation of women, and it is not without considerable merit that many pundits have described Weimar Germany as the first modern culture. Left: Image of cabaret production of the Haller Revue in Berlin Yet these sudden cultural changes were far from being universally accepted by the average German, and groups on the right as well as the left decried what was perceived by many as the power of destructive internal forces. Leftists tended to focus on the bourgeois infatuation with base materialism, while many conservatives believed that republican Germany was becoming a morally decrepit nation. Hitler himself played off such sentiments in his speeches, using widespread perceptions of decadence and disaffection with modernity as springboards for his anti-Marxist and anti-Semitic philosophies. In his first public speech after accepting the post of Reichskanzler, Hitler blasted those whom he believed to have quickly led Germany to moral decay: Communism with its method of madness is making a powerful and insidious attack upon our dismayed and shattered nation. It seeks to poison and disrupt in order to hurl us into an epoch of chaos. This negative, destroying spirit spared nothing of all that is highest and most valuable. Beginning with the family, it has undermined the very foundations of morality and faith and scoffs at culture and business, nation and Fatherland, justice and honor. Fourteen years of Marxism have ruined Germany; one year of bolshevism would destroy her. Chief among the evidence for the supposed moral decline cited by contemprary critics of Weimar culture was the open sexual freedom proclaimed by many younger Germans, especially in the larger cities. Berlin, in particular, became something of an international destination for people seeking its wide variety of sexual subcultures. Henig argued that the â€Å"bright lights and avant-garde cultural attraction of Berlin incurred the hostility of traditional communities in rural areas. † The Weimar era, maintained Mommsen, was a period â€Å"that was characterized by the tension between extreme modernity in a few cultural centers and the relatve backwardness of life in the provinces. † Kolb noted that â€Å"confrontation in cultural matters still further exacerbated the basic political discord among Germans in the Weimar period. Lacqueur observed that many German artists were seemingly clueless of just how far removed their work was from the sensibilities of the average German citizen: Strange as it may appear in retrospect, they were genuinely unaware of the fact that the distance between the avant-garde and popular taste had grown immeasurably and that the dctrines preached by the right were much more in line with popular taste. Those who emphasize the cultural decadence of Weimar Germany, of course, run the risk of sounding prudish, or even worse, as apologists for the fascist regime that followed the demise of the Weimar Republic. Still, it is important to note that the perception of moral decay by many comtemporary Germans – on both the political right and left – was a contributing factor in the moving away from mainstream political parties by German voters and toward extremist factions such as the NSDAP and KDP. Combined with political instability and – most importantly – deleterious economic conditions, the concerns of many Germans about moral decline and social decay began to be expressed in the electoral results of 1930-32 and the eventual collapse of the republic-supporting Weimar Coalition. Hyperinflation, Depression, and Politcial Opportunity One of the consistent themes that underscores the period of Weimar Germany is that of economic instability, and the economic calamities that occurred throughout the history of the Republic mirror periods of political upheaval. The Weimar government, at various times, faced food shortages, hyperinflation, massive unemployment, and an unprecedented economic depression, and any analysis of the failures of democracy in Weimar Germany needs to take into account these inherently disruptive economic phenomena. Craig succinctly summed up the economic problems facing the new republic with this comment: â€Å"Its normal state was crisis. † Left: German children playing with worthless banknotes in 1923 The debts incurred by the German government during the war and the economic downturn that followed the transition away from a wartime economy weighed down the fledgling Weimar Republic. Industrial production in 1919, noted Evans, was only 42 percent of what it had been in 1913, and grain production had fallen by over 50 percent from prewar figures. These economic factors, however, paled in comparison with the effects of the reparations demanded and received by the Allies in the Versailles negotiations. In addition, Germany suffered significant territorial losses as a result of Versailles, including Alsace-Lorraine, West Prussia, Posen, Upper Silesia, and the Saar. The terms of the Treaty called for the new German government to make an initial payment of 20 billion gold marks to the Allies by May, 1921, and the Reparations Commission eventually settled on a total reparations bill to Germany of 132 billion gold marks. John Maynard Keynes – a participant in the Versailles negotiations – accurately predicted that the onerous terms of the Treaty of Versailles were far beyond the means of the new republic: The policy of reducing Germany to servitude for a generation, of degrading the lives of millions of human beings, and of depriving a whole nation of happiness should be abhorrent and detestable,—abhorrent and detestable, even if it were possible, even if it enriched ourselves, even if it did not sow the decay of the whole civilized life of Europe. The initial German economic losses due to the Treaty of Versailles were staggering. Germany lost about 13. 5 percent of its territory, approximately 13 percent of its industrial productivity, and slightly more than 10 percent of its population. In addition, the loss of important mining areas such as the Saar and Upper Silesia resulted in a loss of 74 percent of German iron ore, 41 percent of the country’s pig iron supplies, and approximately 25 percent of its coal reserves. Historians and economists have long debated the actual effects of the Treaty of Versailles on economic conditions in Weimar Germany. Fraser argued that the Treaty â€Å"was in no sense the unjust and cynical imposition that the propagandists alleged it to have been. † Eyck held that many Germans believed â€Å"that they had been duped by the armistice,† and that the effect of the heavy reparations served mostly to reinforce the Dolchsto? legende. Craig argued that the economic conditions that followed the burden of the reparations bills resulted in ordinary Germans suffering â€Å"deprivations that shattered their faith in the democratic process and left them cynical and alienated. Kolb noted that most of the reparations that were paid ultimately were sent by the debtor nations of Britain and France to the United States, which in turn reinvested this capital in the German economy. Webb called into question the very process of analyzing post-Treaty German economics, arguing that the effects of inflation in the early 1920s make calculations especially difficult, as inflation â€Å"altered the real va lue of all financial flows and confounded their measurement. † Yet it would be naive to dismiss the idea that reparations payments were a heavy burden on the new Weimar government. With a sputtering economy, high unemployment, and weak tax revenues, the government of Ebert found itself trying to balance the needs of German citizens with the additional debt load from the reparations bills. Moreover, to a German population that was experiencing widespread poverty and food shortages – not to mention the wartime sacrifices – reparations that were being sent to recent wartime enemies came as a shock.

Benefits of Wi-Fi | Essay

Benefits of Wi-Fi | Essay Wi-fi and the Development of Multimedia 1. Introduction In early 1990s, the development of telecommunication technology enter new era, as Internet becomes attractive services that help users or customers to obtain information that stored in a computer in any part of the world. In Telecommunications and Computers, James Martin explains there is close relationship between computer and telecommunication. While telecommunication technology emphasizes the role of infrastructure or hardware in communications, the development of computer deals with contents that play a significant role in todays advanced communications in all human activities like banking, manufacturing plan, and also at home. The use of telecommunication and computers immediately develops into the term information technology that becomes a famous jargon in todays sophisticated information era. In corporations, the use of information technology is mandatory since it simplifies jobs accomplishment and eliminates unnecessary costs (Ferguson, 2000). One of invention in telecommunication technology that attracts attention is Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity). This refers to wireless technology standards that support high-speed wireless networking or WLAN that stands for Wireless Local Area Network. The technology standard is based on the design recommended by IEEE 802.11. The current development has been on 802.16 g standard. The development of each standard improves the coverage and data rate (Stuart, 2007). The first development of Wi-Fi technology intends to provide alternative for Local Area Network (LAN) but current development Wi-Fi is also popular media for accessing Internet content from various kinds of Wi-Fi enabled gadgets. Concerning information technology uses, this paper will discuss the impact of Wi-Fi on multimedia. The discussion includes the reasoning like costs considerations of Wi-Fi implementation, faster access, and extensive geographical coverage. In order to provide practical information, this paper will use the design WLAN that connect to multiple kinds of multimedia contents and devices. 2. Multimedia By definition, multimedia (Lat. Multum + Medium) refers to variety forms of information (video, audio, images, text, interactivity, and animation) that developed in order to inform or entertain audience. Nowadays, gadgets that have multimedia capability mean that they can store or plays the above forms of information such as some types of cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), desktop PC etcetera. 3. Advantages of Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) 3.1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cheaper than other internet devices Unlike other transmission options (cable, satellite, and microwave radio), Wi-Fi is less expensive bases on price of Wi-Fi enabled products/terminal, network set up, and expandability. In terms of setting Wi-Fi network, for instances, a user merely place the Wi-Fi access point then set up the terminals as long as it covers by the Wi-Fi signals. This Wi-Fi implementation is therefore much more cheaper since it does not requires extensive works unlike happens in setting cable-based or satellite-base networks (Stuart, 2007). In addition, price of Wi-Fi enabled terminals is lower than microwave radio or satellite CPE (customer premise equipment). For instances, price of WLAN adapter is less than $35 each while microwave radio may costs $5,00 for one hoop of point-to-multipoint (PTMP) radio. Meanwhile, costs of ground segment of satellite system that composes of antenna dish, modem, electrical equipments (power amplifier, rectifier, and cabling) and civil works may reach $20,000. The cheaper implementation of Wi-Fi service is supported by many kinds of Wi-Fi enabled terminals like printers, PCs, and laptop computers that driven the economies of scale of producing such Wi-Fi technology (Figure 1). Figure 1 Wi-Fi enabled terminals Source: http://www.npwireless.com/i/elip/elip-wifi.jpg 3.2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Faster than most wireless devices/system Another benefit of implementing Wi-Fi service is that it offers users faster speed than cable -based system (twisted pair or coaxial cable). For WLAN and internet access purpose, the use of Wi-Fi is also faster than DSL (digital subscriber line) connection (Stuart, 2007). Figure 1 Data Rate Comparison of Some Wireless Acces Technology Source: http://ethernet.industrial-networking.com/images/art_images/ieb34wirelessnet4.gif Typical ADSL (asynchronous digital subscribe line) service can offer data rate up to 384 Kbps while Wi-FI can provide up to 54 Mbps and 100 Mbps depending on standards as shown in the Figure 1. The fast data rate of Wi-Fi enables the faster transmission of multimedia contents. Figure 2 shows typical speed requirement of some applications. It means that Wi-Fi with speed up to 100 Mbps can deliver all types of multimedia contents like video conferencing and even Digital TV. This benefit underlies several network providers/telecommunication companies to deliver their services by using Wi-Fi. Figure 2 Multimedia Applications and Data Rate Requirement Source: http://www.plannedapproach.com/images/image002.gif 3.3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Better geographical coverage The benefit of any wireless services is it can reach any location as long as within the signal coverage regardless the landscape and building model. Interestingly, the simple set up of Wi-Fi network (called hot spots) causes the technology is widely available in almost place of interests like malls, restaurants, airports, bookstores, cafÃÆ' ©, fast-food restaurants, etcetera. In the U.S. alone, according to IDC research in 2003, the growth of Wi-Fi hotspots were about 57% annually within the next five year till 2008 (Stuart, 2007). The vast availability of Wi-Fi hotspots is also backed up by the coverage that wireless access point can reach. Typically, in outdoor area, Wi-Fi can reach as long as a few hundreds meters while in indoor area, it can reach 25 to 50 meters depending on concrete materials, power, radio frequency, Wi-Fi gadgets sensitivity, and other obstructions. 4. Conclusion This paper has discussed the definition, benefits, and implementation of Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity). The three benefits of Wi-Fi technology (cheaper costs of implementation, faster data rate, and better geographical coverage) become the underlying reasons behind the extensive use of Wi-Fi for delivering multimedia contents. This is because multimedia contents like video conferencing, e-mails, video streaming, and multiplayer games that delivered through Internet require high-speed data transmission that Wi-Fi can provide. References: Dennis, A. (2002). Networking in the Internet age. John Wiley Sons, New York Ferguson, Roger W. (2000). Information Technology in Banking and Supervision. Retrieved November 23, 2007 from http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/speeches/2000/20001020.htm Harris, Michael P. (2000). Internetworking Technologies. Retrieved November 23, 2007 from http://www.delmar.edu/Courses/ITSC1391/Sem3/4LANdesign.htm Stuart, Anne. (2007). Technofile: Why Wi-Fi? Retrieved November 23, 2007 from http://www.inc.com/articles/2003/09/wifi.html

Marketing Analysis of the NHS

Marketing Analysis of the NHS NHS Resource Profile The essence of developing a marketing strategy for a company is to ensure that the companys capabilities are matched to the competitive market environment in which it operates, notjust for today, but into the foreseeable future. At the heart of strategy liesthe need to assess critically both the organisations resource profile (often referred to as its strengths and weaknesses) and the environment it faces (Hooley, Saunders and Piercy, (2004).) With reference to academicliterature and to the National Health Service as an organisation, criticallyevaluate the mechanisms available to management by which it can assess: The organisations resource profile and The marketing environment it faces. Background to the NHS The NHS was set up on 5thJuly 1948 to provide healthcare for all citizens, based on need, not theability to pay. (www.nhs.uk) Prior to this date access to treatment depended oneither the ability to pay, or the goodwill of doctors in hospitals funded bycharitable donations. The latter was a very strained resource and often it wasonly the working parent, usually the man, who was able to access suchtreatment, which he often paid for by way of deductions from salary to schemessuch as the Hospital Saving Association ( www.hsa.co.uk ). Today the healthservice is formed of many trusts, reporting into the department of health,consisting of community services Trusts, Ambulance Trusts to Hospital Trusts.Care is made available for all who need it. Current government statedpriorities, as quoted on www.nhs.uk are given in National Service Frameworks are Cancer Paediatric Intensive Care Mental Health Coronary Heart Disease Older People Diabetes Renal services Childrens services Long Term Conditions The launch of the health servicewas very high profile (www.bbc.co.uk) and still often shown within healthcaretelevision coverage today. Over the last fifty years, many changes have beenmade to the service (www.nhs.uk/history) to enhance itsofferings to the public, yet today the NHS is often in the news for negative reasons. Despite the obvious good work that the NHS does, it is the longwaiting lists, MRSA and occasional health problems that come to the forefrontin the eyes of the media. Again, marketing can play a big part in theperception of the service in the eyes of the public. Organisations resource profile At the heart of strategy lies theneed to assess critically both the organisations resource profile (oftenreferred to as its strengths and weaknesses) and the environment it faces(Hooley, Saunders and Piercy).) In the 1990s the inside-out approach tomarketing, the resource based view (RBV) became popular with strategists suchas Grant, for its new approach which looked inside the firm to assess itscore competencies and to determine which competencies should be used for competitiveadvantage. A neo-classical approach, the resource view was that the externalenvironment was constantly changing and that it would be difficult forcompanies to keep changing with it, rather they ought to stick with what theyknow best and concentrate on their core offerings. The value chain approachoffered by Michael Porter, reaffirmed by Johnson and Scholes, also emphasisedthe importance of understanding how the internal organisational factors addvalue to and impact on the external environmental influences affe cting thefirm. The value chain activities are split into primary activities (inboundand outbound logistics, operations, marketing, sales and customer service) andsecondary activities (infrastructure, human resource management, technologydevelopment and procurement). All of the above chain linkages will need tobe assessed for the NHS in trying to ascertain the organisations resourceprofile. Taking the Value Chain approachand applying it to the NHS The value chain will now be takenand applied to what is known about the NHS in the public domain. (newspapers,media and www.nhs.co.uk) Primary activities Inbound and outbound logisticsrelate to the receiving and distribution of goods and services. Within the NHSlogistics would consist of the following Patients, who would either be transported by their own methods or by ambulances in order to receive the treatment. Drugs, dressings and other pharmaceutical supplies Staff who may travel to and from hospitals, to and from other medical establishments and from either of the former to a patients home/ destination and so on Medical equipment, such as surgical instruments and monitors Non medical equipment such as beds, linen, catering requirements, cleaning equipment and stationary Warehousing of goods From the above, it is noticeablethat there are a range of logistical activities, notably many of these aremanaged by different departments and others outsourced, such as catering andcleaning. Obviously where outsourcing has taken place, NHS Managers have takenthe decision that such services do not come under its core competencies andplaced the management of such activities in external hands. Non the less,outsourced activities are still very much an integral part of a companys valuechain, but where control of activities is outsourced there is a chance of aweak link (Porter) and notably much of the bad publicity (regularly referencedon national and regional news) surrounding the hospitals is indeed as a resultof questionable cleanliness (such as MRSA) and poor quality nutrition. Poorpublicity has an impact on public perception of service quality and the waythat the NHS counteracts this by efficient use of marketing is of importance. Operations transforms these variousinputs into the final product or service (Johnson and Scholes) by pulling allthe operational activities together, be they controlled directly oroutsourced. It is therefore a key link in the chain to ensure servicedelivery. The marketing and sales activitiesare responsible for raising awareness of the services provided by the NHS andthe perception of the quality of service it supplies to the public. Doctorswaiting rooms are full of adverts for services to prolong life, enhance healthand therefore use the service less such as those that target smokers to stop,heart disease campaigns to encourage the public to eat 5 or more portions offruit and vegetables per day, well man and well woman clinics and so on. Manyof these adverts run into national advertising, such as the daily newspaper,whilst local initiatives are often mentioned on the regional news. In additionthe NHS has an informative website www.nhs.uk which gives advice offeringa section on your health (to include self help guidance) and information oncurrent national health campaigns such as help a heart week and everymanmale cancer campaign. Just how much the website is referenced is unknown andone must question whether indeed the public even know of its existence. But marketing is not all aboutadvertising campaigns, especially within the not for profit sector where thereis a reliance on key relationships and networks (Caeson, Cromie, McGowan,Hill). Whilst logistics partners have already been referenced, a goodrelationship between the NHS marketing departments and the outsourced companiesis very important to ensure consistency of message on joint issues, such as thecleaning contractors approach to cleanliness and the rise of MRSA. Within thenot for profit sector there is a reliance on corporate support, national andlocal government support and the goodwill of the public, some of whom areinvolved in management committees (positions are advertised within the localpress). With the NHS being split into multiple trusts, some with differingspecialisms inter trust relationships are key to the treatment of certainpatients, thus creating more linkages in the chain and more marketingrelationships required. All of the above impact on bothinternal and external customer service and perception of service. Secondary activities Secondary activities are sometimescalled support activities as they support the primary activities mentionedabove. Procurement is the processes foracquiring the various resource inputs to the primary activitiesoccurs in manyparts of the organisation. (Johnson and Scholes). Within a complexorganisation, such as a trust, there are many ways to procure goods andservices from both the physical approach to the electronic methods. Technology development ranges fromthe hospital Consultants know how, to computer systems used for medicalrecords, to pharmacy systems linked to drugs. All of these will be managed byhuman resources some directly employed by the trust, some contracted to thetrust and some working for contract companies contracted to the trust. Allstaff will report directly to their line manager, and ultimately they to thetrust manager, advised by a committee, and that manager to the Secretary ofState for Health. Non-the-less, each member of staff employed by or within atrust is an internal marketer (Gummesson) and who they interact with bothinside and outside of the trust gains an impression of the trust by associationwith them. This is all held together by thefirms infrastructure, the systems of planning, finance, quality control,information management (Johnson and Scholes). Marketing environment facing theNHS Successfulcompanies take an outside-inside view of their business. They recognise thatthe marketing environment is constantly spinning new opportunities and threatsand understand the importance of continuously monitoring and adapting to thechanging environment. (Kotler) Analysing theenvironment for any organisation will involve a review of the political,economic, social and technical (PEST) environment it is in or faces. For theNHS, it is a UK based healthcare provider for the public, funded bycontributions made from taxes distributed by the government to each of thetrusts. It operates within a politically stable economy with funds pledged byboth the current and previous governments to the service for improvements inhealthcare and salaries for staff. The economic environment facing the NHS isa growing economy with a rising elderly population and less working people tosupport them. In addition, it has become increasingly difficult to recruitmedical staff (national press) and shortages have often been counteracted byemploying staff from other EU countries, which in turn increases the populationwithin the UK. This again has been a subject of press attention, againnegative for the NHS. The social/ cultural environment shapes beliefs, valuesand norms (Ko tler). Belief in the core values of the health service and theservices it offers was high on the publics list of concerns during the lastgeneral election, as if the NHS is an integral part of the UK and its culture. The technological environment is moving fast within the health caresector, as well as drugs being continually developed, techniques for operationsare being advanced and the use of technologies for both medical andadministrative procedures. Such are rarely mentioned in the press. Traditionally,before formulating a marketing strategy a company would usually undertake aSWOT analysis, that is to understand its strengths and weaknesses and realiseopportunities and steer clear of known and potential threats. The keyelements, in the authors opinion are listed below. Strengths Although not a monopoly, there is no real competitor for the NHS. Whilst private hospitals are available throughout the UK, the Accident and Emergency service is unique to the NHS. The fact that there is continual monitoring of waiting lists is proof that the demand outstrips supply The NHS has been established since 1948 and continues to grow and expand upon its services. Weaknesses Unable to cope with the demand due to the increasing population Possibly the management of the linkages of the chain, per the resource analysis Opportunities To use marketing strategies to raise the profile of the NHS Increase of private investment Threats Image of the NHS being affected by the work of contractors Staff turnover high Of course, theabove SWOT is written down by the author with no first hand working knowing ofthe NHS trusts. As with most SWOTs, the above is based on perception which,in turn, is based on the interpretation of information in the public domain,based on regular articles in the media. So in effect, marketing has alreadyhad an impact on this view. It is likely that many people will all havedifferent perceptions of the NHS, depending on their outlook and any personalexperience they may have. However, given the number of NHS trusts in operationand the number of different operating units even an employee working for onebusiness unit is likely to have a different perception to another. Another tool toassess the NHS would be to undertake a marketing audit, a comprehensive,systematic, independent, and periodic examination of a companys marketingenvironment.with a view to determining problem areas and opportunities(Kotler) . This would indeed be a complex affair. Each trust is strategicallyresponsible for itself, so it may be presumed that it is responsible for itsmarketing activity, but with one NHS website indications are that it iscentrally controlled. Included within the audit would need to be an audit ofthe outsourced companies and their way of representing the NHS. With differentcompanies and indeed trusts operational throughout the UK there are bound to be different corporate cultures and core values which would need tobe considered and addressed if possible. Resource basedview resume v marketing based strategies recommendations From theresource based critique, it was seen that marketing affects every part of theNHS. Having evaluated the NHS against the resource based view, using thevalue chain model; it can be observed that the NHS is indeed a complex organisation.Over the years, it has gone from being a totally autonomous organisation whichdoes everything for itself, to one that now out sources various functions suchas technology, hygiene, and distribution and so on. Of course it hasrecognised that its core competencies lie within the medical services itprovides to its customers, patients, and has concentrated on this side.However, despite the obvious good work it undertakes and millions of livestreated, there is not much awareness made of this important achievement in thenational press, rather it is the down side that is much advertised, much ofwhich is as a result of losing control by outsourcing activities such ashygiene. The NHS does not appear to use marketing as a way of counter attackingsuch reports with headlines such as Doctor saves x many lives in one year.. The resource based view takes very much the relational approach of the notfor profit sector, relying on goodwill, government interaction, committees,initiatives and letting the public know via a website. Probably the marketingfunction is not prominent within the NHS Trust. Whilst the traditional 4Ps (price,product, place, promotion) approach to marketing may not necessarily be thebest approach for the NHS Trust, given its unique prominence in healthcarewithin the UK, there is a definite need to promote the success stories, ofwhich there are most likely to be numerous. Key recommendations for futuremarketing and development are to Place marketing at the centre of the management function Enhance PR activities to both feed positive information into the government as well as out to the various publics in the country. Appoint marketing oriented representatives on each of the trusts managing committees. Internally market successes to staff and try and retain staff for longer. (A separate exit interview exercise will need to be taken for this) Encourage more private investment to grow the service and its core staff. Bibliography Brassington, F, Pettitt, S (2000) Principles of Marketing (2nd Edition) (Essex,Pearson Education Limited: 2000) Caeson, D., Cromie, S., McGowan,P., Hill, J. (1995) Marketing and entrepreneurship inSMEs: An Innovative Approach (Harlow: Financial Times, Prentice Hall) Donaldson, B (1995) Customer Service as a Competitive Strategy Journal ofStrategic Marketing, Vol.3 No.2: June 1995 Doyle, P (1998) Marketing Management and Strategy (2nd Edition)(Hemel Hempstead, Prentice Hall: 1998) Drummond, G, Ensor, J, Ashford, R (2003) Strategic Marketing: Planning and Control (2ndEdition) (Oxford, Butterworth Heinemann: 2003) Egan, C (1997) Creating Organisational Advantage (3rd Edition)(Oxford, Butterworth Heinemann: 1997) Grant, R (1992) Contemporary Strategy Analysis (2nd Edition)(Cambridge Massachusetts, Blackwell Publishers: 1992) Gummesson, E (1998) Implementation Requires a Relationship Marketing ParadigmJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science. Vol.26, No.3, pages 242 249 Johnson, G. Scholes, K (2002) Exploring Corporate Strategy (6th edition) (Harlow, Financial Times, Prentice Hall: 2002) Kotler, P (1997) Marketing Management Analysis, Planning, Implementationand Control) (9th Edition) (New Jersey, Prentice Hall: 1997) Lynch, R (2003) Corporate Strategy 3rd edition. (London, Financial Times Pitman: 2003) Porter, M (1985) Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (New York, Free Press: 1985) Whittington, R (1997) What is Strategy and does it Matter? (London, InternationalThompson Business Press: 1997) www.bbc.co.uk www.hsa.co.uk www.nhs.uk

The American Olympic Association Essay -- Sports, Training, Olympic Ga

The United States Olympic Committee (USOC), initially named the American Olympic Association, was formed in 1896. Members of the committee sought to provide assistance to United States Olympic athletes with training and other needs. As the USOC is not government funded the committee has relied heavily on corporate funding and private donations (â€Å"Team USA,† 2011). However, over the years while the continued appeal of the Olympic Games remained, the increased cost of housing, clothing, and caring for U.S. athletes along with other professional sports vying for corporate sponsorship, made obtaining funding difficult. Thus, the USOC was challenged with persuading corporate benefactors that investing in the Olympic Games was a lucrative and cost effective venture (O’Rourke, 2010). Therefore, the methods used by the USOC to persuade companies to invest as well as motivating factors underlying corporate sponsorship are explored. Case Analysis Persuasion Message The ability to communicate effectively is essential in business (O’Rourke, 2010). In order to provide information, convey a message, and explain an idea, communication tools must be applied daily (N, 2005). The most important communication tool is the persuasive (N, 2005). This is due to the fact that whatever is being conveyed at the workplace requires a degree of persuasion (N, 2005). Hence, persuasion is the ability to move an individual or group into action. Boyer and Stoddard (2011), describe persuasion as â€Å"the act of getting a sentient being other than yourself to adopt a particular belief or pursue a particular action (p. 1). Therefore, in order for persuasion to be effective a level of trust between the parties must exist (O’Rourke, 2010). Thus, the challen... ... their association with the Olympic movement and develop interventions including updated marketing and promotional strategies to correct the problem. Moreover, an exclusivity right for some corporate sponsors has caused corporations without this type of contract to feel second rate which creates the possibility for ambush marketing to surface (Palomba, 2010). Ambush marketing is a company’s attempt to associate itself directly or indirectly with an event, team, or celebrity without being granted proper permission or pay the necessary licensing fees. As a result, official sponsors may not receive the full benefit or commercial value of paying to be legitimate sponsors (Palomba, 2010). Therefore, the USOC needs to protect legitimate sponsors by enacting or enforcing protective legislation to curtail or eradicate ambush marketing tactics (Palomba, 2010).

Giving Language Back:An Argument Against Isolated Grammar Instruction :: Argumentative

Giving Language Back:An Argument Against Isolated Grammar Instruction Who knew that kids liked to read? I certainly didn’t. Let me qualify that. I have known a few kids that liked reading. My daughter likes to read, but I assumed she would, being the daughter of an obsessive reader and all. I have known other child-readers through the years, but since they were nerds like me, I never guessed that â€Å"normal,† MTV-watching, note-writing, gum-popping, 20/20-visioned kids would like to read as well. Fortunately, during my student teaching experience, my classes of seventh-graders proved me wrong. Before delving further into my experience at Freedom Middle School, it is important to understand the significance of my students’ reactions to good literature and to an isolated, grammar-based unit. In this paper, I will not only relate my personal experiences with the two types of curriculum, but what educators and researchers have said about them. Throughout this exploration of time-tested opinion and heavily researched facts, however, the underlying concern will always be our goal in teaching children. Should we try to force them to be who we think we should be – whether our intentions are based on an allegiance to the superiority of traditional methods or on an assumption of the inferiority of our students? Or should we try our hardest to help the students become their own individuals, only better? The first few weeks of students teaching went very well. I had few discipline problems, and the students were very engaged during class time. In fact, they seemed eager to come to class! While I could have credited my wondrous teaching style for their interest, I knew that that was not the reason. In reality, their usual Language Arts angst disappeared because they thoroughly enjoyed the novel we were reading in class, The Watsons Go To Birmingham – 1963. While I had to wake a few dozers and intercept a few notes here and there, all of the students followed along as I read aloud or we listened to a recording of Lavar Burton reading the novel. I saw at least twelve students that were actually reading ahead of their classmates. And while they probably would have preferred discussing music videos or cars, they eagerly summarized chapters when asked and often told me what they would have done if they had a brother like Byron or visited Birmingham in the 1960s.

Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) and Teen Parents Essay ex

Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) and Tenn Parents The American Public never loved social welfare programs, but it did not necessarily want them dismantled. In fact, by the early 1990s, nearly 50 percent of all households drew on government benefits from Food stamps to social security to mortgage interest tax deductions. To convince the public that it stood to gain from smaller government and weaker social programs, the reformers had to undermine the longstanding belief that government should play a large role in society. Abramovitz (1996) suggest that Civil rights gains were called reverse discrimination and the victories of the women’s and gay rights movement were seen as a threat to â€Å"family values.† Having set the stage, the welfare reformers began the attack on the welfare state by targeting AFDC, the most vulnerable and least popular welfare program. Drawing on social science theories that blamed poverty on the values and behavior of the poor, the reformers put forward the belief that social problems stemmed from a â€Å"culture of poverty† that promoted â€Å"defective† values and â€Å"deviant† behavior. In 1996, Congress passed and the President signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (P.L. 104-93). It combined AFDC (Aid to Families w/Dependent Children) JOBS, and Emergency Assistance into block grants of single capped entitlement to states and placed federal childcare funding into a separate block grant for Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF). The new federal law known as TANF was implemented in most states within the year. Reflecting the â€Å"work first† approach, TANF placed a lifetime limit of five years on welfare eligibility. The new approach to welfare... ...Philadelphia, PA- Manlove, J. (1998) The influence of high school drop out and school disengagement on the risk of school age pregnancy, Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8, 182-185 Mathews M. & Shelly, S. (1999) Turned away misinformed, and denied; Teen parents experience in the welfare office. Youth law News, July, August 1999 Roseman, E. & Yoshikawa, H. (1999) Effects of welfare reform on children of adolescent mother, moderation by maternal depression, father involvement and grandmother involvement Women and Health 32, June 1999. Vallerand R., Fortier M. & Guay F. (2000) School motivation for teens. Journal of Education Today, December 2000 Werthmeier, R. (1998). Childbearing by teens; Links to welfare reform. The Urban Institute, Fall Report, 1998 Zonker, L., (1997) Teenage pregnancy; Situation and strategies. The Florida Nurse, June, 1997

Belonging in The Simple Gift and Arthur Essay

Every person needs a sense of belonging. Belonging is defined as acceptance as a natural member or part. Scientific research has found that man’s need to belong is a pre-coded instinct found in the primitive brain or amygdale. Without a sense of belonging a person’s well being can be seriously affected. In the book The Simple Gift by Steven Herrick, the main theme is belonging as it follows a boy’s journey to find a place where he feels he belongs. In the book Arthur by Amanda Graham, the author shows the feelings displayed by someone when they don’t belong and then their feelings when they do belong. E.T. is a movie directed by Steven Spielberg which also has the main theme of belonging. The two main protagonists, Elliot and E.T., don’t feel a sense of belonging with anyone until they meet each other. The Simple Gift shows how much people need to belong. Billy is only 15 when he runs away from home. He finds a place to stay temporarily in Bendarat, but it isn’t long until he realises that Bendarat is a town where he feels he belongs. Billy uses descriptive language to show that he feels he belongs in Bendarat. He says â€Å"Bendarat is the perfect town. A friendly librarian, a warm McDonald’s, luxury train accommodation, and the town is surrounded by apple and pear orchids. The real strength of the feeling of belonging is shown through the character Caitlin. Caitlin has got everything from her wealthy parents that she has ever asked for. It is only until she meets Billy that she realises that there has been something missing from her life, something that money can’t buy. Caitlin describes this feeling after she reads a note Billy had left her, and she says, â€Å"I read this and felt something in my stomach, a slight ache, a twinge, and I knew it was hunger but not a hunger for food. And I blushed with the knowledge.† She finds her own sense of belonging with Billy, which makes her happier than she has ever been. Billy and Caitlin are brought together by their wishes to belong. Although they are opposites in society, this difference means nothing to them. Arthur is a picture book written by Amanda Graham. In this book Arthur is a dog in a pet store. Arthur desperately wants to belong to a family and not to be stuck in the pet store. He sees many other animals be sold to families, but he just doesn’t get sold. He impersonates the other animals that are being sold as he thinks that this could give him more of a chance of belonging. Arthur is finally bought by a family and he finds himself happier than he has ever been before. Arthur shows how much everyone needs to belong, and how much you would try to belong if you were lonely. He also shows the benefits of belonging through his new found happiness. Arthur is similar to Billy in The Simple Gift as they are both willing to do almost anything to belong and when they do belong they both find themselves happier than they have ever been. E.T. shows how many differences can be overcome in order to belong. E.T. is an alien that is left behind after travelling to Earth with his friends. He is lonely and scared, and has no idea how he will get home. E.T. meets Elliot and both E.T. and Elliot immediately form a friendship greater than either had felt before. E.T. feels that he doesn’t belong on Earth, but Elliot does everything he can to make E.T. feel like he does belong. E.T is very similar to Billy in the Simple Gift as he is in a place where he knows nobody, has no home and wishes to belong. Both Billy and E.T. are lonely until they meet someone they both form a strong connection with. Billy finds Caitlin and with Caitlin he feels he belongs. E.T. finds Elliot and he feels he belongs. In all of these texts, the main characters have been found someone they belong with and a place where they belong. In every case the feeling of belonging has made them happier and made their lives feel more purposeful.

Discovering Emotional Labour Essay

Emotional regulate is the control of a persons come uping in order to disp stupefy the appropriate sensations to others in different situations (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 7). In other words, a person has to put aside his or her avow feelings and shows the adept feelings in the right place at the right time. This judgment can be applied to galore(postnominal) aspects of our daily life and when holdd in footing of it being sold for a wage, Hochschild (1983) define it as delirious exertion. By charge on the proceeds industries, this render will discuss Hochschilds storey of stirred up labour and pick up into sure atomic number 18as of have-to doe with caused by it.Although the pr beice of delirious work can be tangency each(prenominal) the way back to the superannuated time, the term stirred up labour is considered to be relatively new and is first discussed in Arlie Hochschilds (1983) book, The Managed Heart. With the rise of the post-industrial work, on that p oint had been a significant increase of the service sector during the late 1900s (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 9). In fact, maven now interacts with other individuals quite a than work with a machine (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 9). Thus, this break ins rise to the grandness of interpersonal skills and the use of steamy labour (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. ).Whenever a person changes his or her senses, t unrivaled, bole language, etc. to conform to an ideal, it is considered as unrestrained labour (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 7). It is practiced widely in many forms of modern work. A feather attendance smiling warmly man serving each and every passengers, a cafe barista c all overing enthusiasm when do coffee, and a nurse showing accept step forward and concern when helping a patient. all told of the to a higher place are utilizations of emotional labour. With it being a major part of our mien today, it is vital that we look more late to understand how emotional labour works.Hochschild discus sed deuce types of emotional bring to passing find playacting and deep acting. Surface acting is the act of position on or showing an emotion without truly feeling that emotion inside oneself (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 35). This means that one has to moderate his or her negative emotions, ofttimes(prenominal) as sadness, anger, boredom, etc. , and display positive emotions, such as happiness, care, excitement, etc. There withdraw been concerns being brought up regarding the use of surface acting, as it can lead to just side effects such as depression.On the other hand, deep acting is the act of putting on an emotion that one truly feels inside (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 35). This is through with(p) either by showing the emotion that we real numberly feel or by neat order acting. True method acting works by thought process of our past experiences we try to encourage the real emotion that we may not beat felt otherwise (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 38). In terms of emotional labour, we are often referring to true method acting which is very overmuch similar to surface acting, one lacks the immunity to genuinely display his or herself during work. at one time girls, I want you to go out on that point and really smile. Your smile is your biggest asset. I want you to go out in that respect and use it. Smile. Really smile. Really lay it on (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 4). A pilot tells the above to the trainees of Delta Airline Stewardess Training Center. This all the way shows how much the airline focuses on the abide by of a personal smile to ring it companys identity rather than its leakage safety or the punctuality of its trajectory departures and arrivals (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 4).Another good example would be the baristas working in the ground largest cafe chains, Starbucks Coffee being remained systematically by their managers to provide nodes with the Starbucks get a line. Baristas are told to put up a commodious and enthusiastic front, connect with the customers and to develop the tell yes attitude. In fact, beside Starbucks, many other intellectual nourishment and beverage businesses today have already move on to focus on their customer service rather than focusing solely on the quality and grasp of their products.There has been much discussion of emotional labour being Taylorized. Hochschild (1983) compared the labour of a factory worker and a flight attendant. She mentioned that a factory worker is entirely doing corporeal work while a flight attendant has to do somatogenetic and mental labour, as well as in addition emotional work (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 6). sooner similar to Frederick Taylors standardization of the physical movements of industrial workers in the early 1900s, scientific management is now used to the plenitude production of emotional movements (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 33).For example, Disney provides prescriptions to their trainees to always make eye contact and smile, greet and agreeable each and every gu est, say give thanks you to each and every guest, etc. (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 32). The Disney look also extends to eubstance appearances, such as hair length and style, make up, body fragrance, nails length and colour (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 32). Besides Disney, a huge number of companies are also transforming emotional labour on a grand graduated table (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 33). This is because of the economical advantage of doing so (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 33).If employees are able to give the customers a good experience, make them feel welcome and special, then the customers may repetition their visit and purchase (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 33). This greatly conceit greatly encourages firms to do work the use of emotional labour (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 33). The smile of a salesman is seen as a key feature of a good employee attitude and customer felicity (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 33). The infectious smile is regarded as sources of belligerent advantage. (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 33). As time goes by and bank tod ay, we all conceptualise service to be smiling (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 3). Many see emotional labour as a potentially good as no customer will want his or her style to be spoiled by a surly waitress or a crabby banker (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 9). Today, it is common to have the idea that we pay for good service and ask it to be provided (Hochschild, 1983 Pg. 9). However, there are several(prenominal) areas of concern caused by emotional labour. Disney or Macdonald in the process of creating standards of their Dreamland Experience or the Big Mac, at the selfsame(prenominal) time also produce emotion in their employees (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 34).The employees have to perform interpersonal work within them to create the present smile, politeness when under pressure and inhibition of annoyances and fatigue (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 35). For those that uses deep acting to perform their work started to feel that they are kickoff to lose their own identity (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 35). Fineman (2003) menti ons that the flight attendances were so into their work role that they began hold of their identity, especially their sexuality. Others prefer to take on the job by surface acting, putting up the show, looking right and no more (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 5). Using surface acting can still cause one to breakdown under pressure, when their anger, irritation or rebellion breakthrough (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 35). Beside psychological let on, there are also pagan issues of concern over emotional labour. Many fast-food workers are immigrants who have little to smile roughly when they arrive at work (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 36). A majority of them have many problems and faces much worry inside them but they are still expected to put up the smile (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 36).Another cultural issue is that not all social-cultural background attendant smiling in commercial exchange. However, by standardizing even the emotional aspect, MacDonald except all their staff in all countries and cultural background to s mile at their customers (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 36). For example, in Japan native Japanese business community were taught to smile to help them with international deals (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 42). However, this is a huge conflict with the traditional Japanese way, where instant smile is considered as a cultural insult (Fineman, 2003 Pg. 42).In conclusion, due to the emerging service sector work in the late 1900s and the transformation of emotional labour on grand scale through standardization and training, we all expect service to be smiling today. No doubt, it is consider as potentially good, no one will like their fashion to be affect by the others. However, there are also areas of concern over the psychological and cultural issues that arise from the use of emotional labour. Therefore, it is important for us to reconsider and perhaps not overly exploit the use of emotional labour for own good.

How to write an introduction for a dissertation?

The introduction might be since they developed, or once you have finished to reflect the stream of your arguments, you might want to rewrite it.The thing is that students typically tend to write dissertation good introductions that are lengthier than they are supposed to be. The whole point is lost and it becomes harder good for a reader to grasp the main idea. Writing a very detailed introduction is another common problem. In such a way, the surprise effect is spoiled and readers no longer need to familiarize themselves with the rest of the research study.A brief introduction will locate off the essay and wont create a fantastic impression.If you have an interesting example to illustrate your point, do not hesitate to do so, as it will immediately big draw the reader’s attention. Then, proceed to describe the topic of your dissertation. Define the subject you want to research. Try to choose something unusual or under-researched.

Keeping the debut can enable you to make sure check your research remains on track.Keep in mind that there is a difference between the objective and the problem clear statement of your dissertation. Use research questions to dwell upon the problem statement. The objective, in its turn, is the explanation of the reasons why you have decided to study this more particular issue. Thus, you will need to describe what you want to achieve with this further research study as well as what outcome you expect.Begin with the massive topic of the problem when youre considering how to compose a dissertation debut.Speaking about research design, you definitely need to mention it in your introduction to dissertation. Provide a brief summary of it. The last part of your brief introduction should be the dissertation outline. What you are supposed to do is to briefly describe how your unpublished dissertation is constructed.

It has to be intriguing so as to arouse interest, and stick out.In such a way, it is easier to present a coherent piece of writingâ€"with the help of which you will be able to explain to your target reader what the goal of your research study is.Speaking about the length of the dissertation introduction, how there are no specific requirements. This means is your introduction for dissertation should logical not look like an abstract. However, it does not also mean you are supposed to submit a huge document.Studies dont have hypotheses.It is totally normal if you cannot write a proper dissertation introduction on your part first try. It takes time, which is the reason why it is important not to stress worn out much about it. Take a break. The best advice is to get down to the easy task of writing an introduction for your dissertation when you are finished with unpublished dissertation writing.

In an abstract you must outline what your study is about in character.Make sure the interested reader understands the aims of your research, as well as what you are trying to achieve in the angeles long run. The more you dwell upon all these aspects in your introduction, the easier it good will be for readers to grasp your main idea. Therefore, they will be more able to understand what you are working on, what impact it is going to have, as full well as what results can be achieved if you are successful in reaching all these goals you have set.As the author of the dissertation, your main task is to make certain that the reader is interested in your research.This way youre confident that the research is made of premium quality and can be utilized on your dissertation, thesis or essay.Begin with outlining the main argument right away. In such a way, it will be easier for readers to understand what issue you are dealing with. Then, dwell upon the methodology you have used. Explain what tools you have chosen and special mention why you have decided to use those particular ones.

If at all possible, good look for a buddy or fellow-student with whom it is likely to swap in the same position several dissertations for proof-reading.Therefore, it is a great way to impress your target audience and motivate how them to keep reading to find out more about the subject you have well chosen to research. When you work on the task of writing the introduction, keep in own mind that you may not write everything at once. If you come up with new ideas, feel free to develop them and add to your introduction later on. Make sure deeds that the finished version remains coherent.The simplest way to construct a dissertation is inside-out.You may start to feel you will need to revise it and that your dissertation will forget not ever be good enough.

Inequality in the Workplace, Still- Harriet Martineau

contrariety in the produceplace, Still. HARRIET MARTINEAU Harriet Martineau, the establish bugger off of sociology, was a in truth carry by dint of pistillate. She was, among separate things, a wo handss mightilyist, Unitarian, critic, friendly scientist, and an atheist. She began umpteen methodological, nonional and all-important(a) studies that would at a snip be considered the meditate of sociology. She ejectvas wowork forces rights, dis faculty, facts of life sentence sla real, history, health and worship inwardly her life period. huge onward Marx, Weber, or Durkheim, Martineau as salubrious canvass and wrote nigh mixer class, suicide, forms of religions, municipal relations, delinquency, and the place handst of wo workforce (Gordon). Her dribble by sociologists in ulterior years is a meliorate drill of how academician sociology has excluded wo manpower sociologists from its study. Martineau give tongue to that, an American wo musical comp ositions life is sufficient to that of a slaves, (in that) they were both effrontery insaneness alternatively than justice. (Berleant) Harriet sa organise headwayg machine that women were denied information and had only if unrivalled option and responsibility in the unify States marriage.Her place towards the immorality of women would nearly causal agency the womens liberationist surmise which focuses on analyzing internal activity distinction and promotes womens rights, interests and issues. A recent incident, display the disparity women dummy up g everywherenance today, breathered when a fe three-year-old-begetting(prenominal) was denied liken sermon at the body of work causing a sex dissimilarity causal agent. Monday shew 15th, 2010, a federal official valuate announced a $2. 5 gazillion divergence verdict in regard of Michelle Maher, who was squeeze extinct of the Fresno dispatch sections pedagogy honorary society.Maher, a bingle perplex, motive passkey mixed-martial humanities whizz and aware EMT with 13 certificates in finishfighting skills, was clearly sufficient for the championship concern at pass off al bingle apparently the fire educate honorary society supervisory programs unendingly focussed on petition her person-to-person questions and fit her up to let on authorized tasks fleck unfairly rank her exam. Maher sued the turn on part in 2008 receivable to the dissimilitude she confront. Maher advances, A supervisor repeatedly asked or so my dissever and suggested that I was non braggy my all-inclusive bm in the academy because I was a wiz m an other(a)(prenominal) (Ellis).She was overly told that because she scored under an 80% on a midterm, she would clear to cease or be dismissed from the academy, thereof she resigned. later on the three-week visitation finally fall, jurors say they believed Maher was not apt(p) fitted time to farm herself at the academ y. They felt the evaluations were unsuitable since the men in the academy were disposed supererogatory chances to correct in sick areas and nada from the chevvy incision could turn up the segment standards (Ellis). It is liable(predicate) that Maher take into account alone win her eccentric and the metropolis of Fresno go pop out return to chance on over $2. 6 one thousand thousand positivistic other one million million million for lawyer fees. The assess think that the evidence was very material in Mahers favor. Martineau suggested up(p) womens authority in the custody including fosterage, nondiscriminatory betrothal and prepare programs. She too promoted womens penetration into medical exam take aim and the splendor of material fittingness and pattern for girls and women (Soc, 10) In this case, Martineau was right on align with the goals Maher check in work with the cease plane section.Maher was commensurate physically and academical ly unless unfortunately faced discrimination. The libber surmisal concerning sexual urge unlikeness and sex sees sexual activity stratification as benefiting men and the capitalistic system. sexual practice is cogitate to sexual activity difference and that male dominance is oddly deleterious because it results in men despotic womens sexual way (Soc, 172). If Maher had utilise to other profession, fascinate for her sex, her personal business and dismay quiz denounce wouldnt be an issue.For her to drive got for a mans job, was cobwebby and bold and unessential actions to test she was unsatisfactory was a deplorable attempt the release incision chose to play. totally feminists make that men and women should be value gibely, women should swallow much go over over their lives and sex activity inconsistency can be remedied by ever-changing political, economic, family and other institutions as well as casual interactions, attitudes and behavior s (Soc, 172) turn call for to occur and sexual activity par is practicable through pair well-mannered rights and opportunities.Women have been internalized to get the female roles establish on gendered socialization. tenet young girls how to be supine and maternal(p) musical composition promoting boys to take on the paramount roles and taught to filter to come upon disciplineal and course achievement is how the gender contrast begins. Martineau was raised in a Unitarian participation which focussing on rationalism, identity and democracy. surprisingly Martineau, on with her sevener brothers and sisters, accepted equal education until college when it came time for a high education for the boys only. beingness the feminist that she was, she wrote an anon. name, On womanish genteelness for a Unitarian ledger expressing Womens dexterous inferiority to men is establish on womens neediness of genial training, others expectations of women, and womens compo nent part rather than womens ability (Berleant). after her brother appoint out she wrote the article and said, Now, dear, leave it to the other women to make skirts and fleck stockings, and you ease up yourself to this (Webster. du). And indeed, Martineau was bound to pass away is massive frame in sociology and to feminist history. Mahers skills exceeded the qualifications for the burn up Department exactly the one luck she wasnt given was the lift for her demise. In the end, Id say she won, since she make her congressman comprehend and was awarded some study buzzword from her lawsuit Work Cited Benokraitis, Nijole V. Soc + examine separate + Bind-in ingrained entree Card. Wadsworth taphouse Co, 2009. PrintBerleant, Riva. Harriet Martineau aliveness and Bibliography. Brycchan Carey star sign Page. 2004 Web. 18 Mar. 2010. . Gordon, Marshall. Martineau, Harriet. A vocabulary of Sociology. 1998. Encyclopedia. com. 18 Mar. 2010. Harriet Martineau. Webster Univers ity. Web. 18 Mar. 2010. . Ellis, John. judgment Backs Womans turn against Fresno lift Dept. cover Fresno and the San Joaquin valley in exchange atomic number 20 Fresno Bee. 15 Mar. 2010. Web. 18 Mar. 2010. .

Effect of Social Media Addiction Essay

In modern age kindly media has develop an step upstanding as peck of assimilators carriage. striplings satiate themselves by utilize hearty net profiting points homogeneous Facebook, Twitter, Myspace and to a greater extent(prenominal) than to a greater extent. Their animateness at superstar fourth dimension depends on complaisant media to act with to each one an anformer(a)(prenominal)(prenominal). on that pointfore, it realizes a staple fibre read for them. affable media typically admit moveions of masses finished mixer ne devilrks and blogs. sociable media is specify as a chopine that helps a substance ab exploiter to splice with otherwise transcendrs by means of frank net profit access. Consequently, kindly media ca-ca been upgrading day strike by day. As a leave, more immatureagers travel bollix on kindly media for their intercourse. n advance(prenominal)-nigh wad palisade that promotion of affectionate media nemesis ens the animation of adolescents beca do they ar disposed towards hearty media. bargonly, others wee that it enhances the reach of adolescents towards education and market-gardening. The all all(prenominal)wherebold propagation is the electronically prone generation. receivable to this dependance adolescents baptistery numerous ain incumbranceuate in their lives. This composing aims at the diametric do ca utilise by tender media on teenagers. nevertheless to what perish loving neting sites do teenagers on their drill succeeder, human relationship status, friendly flavour. This comprehend to a fault foc riding habits on solutions of the devoted effect. friendly media is a compound electronic ne dickensrk in which stack project their aver pen and suffer exploiters. afterwards that, p ignite other habituaters in the visibleness and beca work come out interact well-disposedly in a practical(prenominal) orbit of brotherly media and fill in info in a sozzled network. im go upment in the engine room alters the require technique of teenagers. They busy in a adult male of engineering science as a result, thread scientific force prematu depone. mediocre, this mental king is precise satisfying in their pedantic results (Prensky, 2001). It is carried out that teenagers control these genial sites for insideng delight activities alternatively than for pedantic triumph (Luckin et al, 2009, p. 87-104). detail investigator direct into light that lavishly tame bookman operates these media simply to whole their affectionate controller over the other substance ab economic consumptionrs (Ellison et al.2007, p. 1143-1168). striplings argon proceedsously divert by accessible media imputable to its advancement. Nowadays, facebook is the approximately touristy mixer site among teenagers. Hindustan quantify (2012) unwrap that India cover the coke gazillion mesh maprs (p. 7). besides HT ratification up ons undefendable that 24% of respondent drug ab designd amicable media on a e realday tail and 52% record they reach more than two profiles on assorted companionable media. It is estimated that 73% of teenagers pick to interact on facebook, 48% rely on Myspace and Linkedin demand a exercising of 14% (Lehhart et al. ,2010 , p.25). There is a occupy near in the habitude of amicable networking sites by youngsters. However, a put forwardvass was conducted named as grow and teen regard and 935 individuals participated in it in the States it depicts that in 2006, 55% of the teenagers were the unremarkable engagers of fond media (The Nielsen Company, 2009). kick upstairsmore, routine of amicable media incremented by 30% from course of instruction 2006 to 2007 (The Nielsen Company, 2010). Observations refrain that the master(prenominal) blueprint to mathematical function these tender media were to hold on in advert and to stim ulate an sick on the cordial network ofttimes forgather it. brotherly media is precise conductive to shell out info active the calamities locating both(prenominal)what the founding. As a result, teenagers regulate awake(predicate) of the realism serious closely them. In contrast, of having electro appointed effects round researchers to a fault revealed the ban and addictive twine of kindly media on teenagers wellness. In addition, they rise support in the virtual(prenominal) military man of hearty media. Moreover, their physiologic impact with other tribe reducings to a capacious top. However, nearly teenagers atomic number 18 so given to well-disposed media that they branch describing their quotidian activities on affable sites. If they usurpt limit their profiles at secureness intervals,they guide a horse sense of despondent, belligerence and separation. Moreover, when habituation checks the pedantic runway of teenagers, indeed (prenominal) companionable networking sites be bang grievous or else of education, family, mate regard and amateurish activities. When emphasis sucks to perform well in the exams, the before sociable occasion that is touch on by the loving media network is educational procession. umteen commitrs favor to interact over facebook alto limither to stay off real societies andproblems. Further investigating brought into light that whether dependance to affectionate media kindred facebook is a threat to high education. Kandell (1998) verbalize that college educatees argon at a baton of growth accessible dependency towards facebook. In excess survey by Sharifal et al (2011) on 380 feminine Malaysian university students assign that these participants atomic number 18 influenced by facebook and considered to be addicts. brotherly networking sites turn in the ability to use profitably in educational purposes by students (Greenhow, 2009, p. 42-47). Particularly , it depends on the teenagers to what extend they for break down use accessible media as their advantage. swag (2013) concludes that ab initio at that place were two networking sites round about(predicate) up for complaisant media purposes, these were sixdegree.com in 1997 and classmate.com. However, it gives distinct personal identity to distinguishable users. through amicable media users tang give cargon attached they give the axe touch and pronounce affair with one and a nonher. At the most staple enamor word kind networking sites build up the dominance to guess friendship. Moreover, the teenager may none unafraid in un c are environments handle in college, school. Also, they experience equal responsible.It in addition reveals that victimisation media enhances the aptitude of students towards schoolman studies. The master(prenominal) taper is how a user uses accessible media to his advantage. Furthermore, teenagers rear stick around in mar ch with the family members. disdain of these advantages only achieved by fetching construct that galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) teenagers use friendly media in a genuine way. companionable media draw legion(predicate) an(prenominal) advantages in this modern-day world of teenagers. They view how to ascertain initiatives in qualification friends.. The grasp of their familiarity increases drastically. However, Interacting brotherlyly coarse the inspect of the many expensive things like companionship about viewing, culture views. mixer media networking sites are not just the spotless radical of entertainment. teens moldiness use it as a citation of training to tinnonball along their companionship. afterward that, chase right grades in academic studies. teenagers elevate their personalities using affectionate networking media. sociable media deliver many prohibit impacts on users. However, teenagers moldiness take affable media as an surface chiffoniervass in which they can regurgitate their loving skills. It acts as a strong suit for conversation in the midst of peers, relatives. substance abusers sack experience. Moreover teenager can fulfil technology honesty in their early term direct these media. As a result, they leave behind mold themselves jibe to the modification in the technology. Moreover, they go away delineate whapledge of the entropy and technology. Universities, colleges and until now some normal formation use affable sites to interact with the people.However a constructive approach moldiness be set towards companionable media. users puree to pack themselves rightfully sometimes on brotherly networking sites. As a result, they learn how to take initiatives in guild to clear up friends. mark to know about divergent societies and culture. Teenagers essential(prenominal) assimilate the plus scene of accessible media. So that they can open a personal advantage in the nea r future. It has many aspects tally to the users view. Teenagers essential(prenominal) use the mixer media in a well timed(p) appearance not in a excessive. They should bound preparing their effortless schedules on sociable networking practice session. The finding to nark disposed or to get promoted by loving media depends on the user. So users must use affectionate networking sites for benefits alternatively than for their destructiveness. Teenagers must use it in a incidentally manner. Should check writ of execution of their academic school term regularly as it is affected by kind media or not. They must give to e real corporeal activity.This wrap up aims at the corroboratory and shun effects of neighborly media. dependance to cordial media is very harmful. In collaboration, this identify shows the usage of loving networking among university students in America, India and Malaysia. Moreover, it describes the societal media usage word form among tee nagers. For provided secondment different effects arrive at been listed due(p) to hearty media and networking habituation. However, with negative, positive effects have in any case squeeze the life of teenagers. mixer media are very adept and flagitious for teenagers. These media is not just to leave out time or get given to it. The principal(prenominal) account of affectionate media is to get attached to the world. When addiction starts then the productivity of teenagers decrease to a token(prenominal) extend. superstar more result overly come out it is not much prove that tender media addiction affects the life of teenagers. effects of social media hinder the pathway of success for teenagers. University students are in all probability to be get addicted by social use be bring in of their influencing atmosphere.Referencessee moredoes social media cause isolationSalgur, S. A. (2013). 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